The semiconductor manufacturing process involves many steps, including, but not limited to, film deposition, photolithography, etching, and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Contamination can ...

The cell culture pilot plant at Genentech runs hundreds of E. coli fermentation experiments to help develop part of the company’s pipeline. The pilot plant is a non-GMP facility that supports process ...

Currently, bioprocess monitoring and control systems rely on infrequent and time-consuming offline sampling methods. This can lead to loopholes in data and major gaps in knowledge, as well as ...

Editor’s note: This article is the third in a series to help practitioners learn about the AICPA’s new quality management standards and prepare to implement them. The new final standards on quality ...

Bioreactors have become irreplaceable tools in bioprocessing, revolutionizing the production of many biotechnological products. 1,2 They offer optimized and controlled environments to enhance cell ...

There are three main challenges associated with advanced node and finFET designs: There are challenges associated with transistor scaling, where gate density is increasing dramatically for each ...

Continuous monitoring ensures contamination control and GMP compliance in pharmaceutical cleanrooms, supporting sterility and ...